Kumano Hongu Taisha (熊野本宮大社) is one of the three Grand Shrines of Kumano and is located in Tanabe City, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. Together with Kumano Hayatama Taisha and Kumano Nachi Taisha, it forms part of the Kumano Sanzan, a trio of important Shinto shrines associated with the Kumano Kodo pilgrimage routes.
Key features and aspects of Kumano Hongu Taisha include:
- Location: Kumano Hongu Taisha is situated in the Kumano region of the Kii Peninsula. The main shrine is located near the confluence of the Kumano River, the Otonashi River, and the Iwata River.
- Deity: The main deity enshrined at Kumano Hongu Taisha is Kumano Gongen. The shrine is considered the spiritual heart of the Kumano Sanzan and holds a central position in the Kumano faith.
- Oyunohara: The sacred sandbar known as Oyunohara is considered the original location of Kumano Hongu Taisha. It is located near the current main shrine and serves as a symbolic approach to the sacred site. Visitors pass through Oyunohara before reaching the shrine.
- Torii Gate: A distinctive feature of Kumano Hongu Taisha is the large torii gate that stands in the middle of the Kumano River. This torii gate, known as the Oyunohara Torii, is one of the largest wooden torii gates in Japan.
- Hongu Taisha Main Shrine: The main shrine complex, known as the Hongu Taisha Main Shrine, underwent several reconstructions over the centuries. The current structure dates back to 1807 and features an impressive thatched roof.
- Kumano Hongu Heritage Center: The shrine complex includes the Kumano Hongu Heritage Center, which provides information about the Kumano Kodo pilgrimage routes, the history of Kumano Hongu Taisha, and the cultural significance of the area.
- Kumano Kodo Pilgrimage: Kumano Hongu Taisha is a significant destination for pilgrims walking the Kumano Kodo pilgrimage trails. The most well-known route leading to Kumano Hongu is the Nakahechi route, which starts from Tanabe and passes through scenic landscapes.
- Kumano Hongu Taisha Museum: The museum at Kumano Hongu Taisha showcases artifacts, artworks, and historical documents related to the shrine’s history and the Kumano Kodo pilgrimage.
- Annual Festivals: The shrine hosts various Shinto rituals and festivals throughout the year. Notable events include the Kumano Hongu Taisha Grand Festival, which takes place in the fall.
- UNESCO World Heritage Site: Kumano Hongu Taisha, along with Kumano Hayatama Taisha and Kumano Nachi Taisha, is part of the “Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range,” designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004.
Kumano Hongu Taisha is a site of deep spiritual significance, and its connection to the Kumano Kodo pilgrimage, stunning natural surroundings, and cultural heritage make it a revered destination for both religious pilgrims and cultural enthusiasts.
